The 1867 Matheson House is a historic building in Gainesville, Florida, United States.

James Douglas Matheson owned a dry goods store in downtown Gainesville and was active in local and state politics, as was his son, eight-term Gainesville mayor Chris Matheson, who was also a state legislator.

She was the first female elder at First Presbyterian Church in downtown Gainesville and was an early president of the Alachua County Historical Society and a co-founder and member of the original board of directors of the Matheson Histical Center (now the Matheson History Museum).

While it was unoccupied during the civil war, James Douglas Matheson moved into it 1867 with his wife, Augusta Florida Steele.

This article about a property in Alachua County, Florida on the National Register of Historic Places is a stub.