He played for New South Wales at under-19 level where he co-captained, scoring a try leading to a 14–10 victory in the 2024 under-19 State of Origin.

[3][4] In round 17 of the 2024 NRL season, Arthur made his first grade debut for the Parramatta Eels in their 34–26 loss against the Newcastle Knights playing at hooker.

On 24 July 2024, Arthur was told by Parramatta he was free to negotiate with other clubs after the player requested a release from his contract.

Parramatta CEO Jim Sarantinos stated “Matt is a great young man and it was wonderful to see him make his NRL debut earlier this year.

While we would love to see him stay at the Eels, we understand the unique circumstances involved with this request and our decision to grant permission to negotiate with other clubs is based on compassionate grounds".