She was born in Ellabell, Georgia and her family moved to Miami, Florida in 1926.
She was the first woman judge of Metropolitan Court of Dade County, Florida.
She and her husband Troy Davis went into practice and continued until his death in 1948.
March 3 is "Mattie Belle Davis Day" in Dade County, an honor she was presented with in 1987.
The Florida Association for Women Lawyers established the Mattie Belle Davis Society in 2004 in honor of Judge Davis to enable FAWL members to contribute directly to FAWL's key initiatives.