The region exhibits high soil fertility and has become one of the most important economic areas of the state of Goiás producing cattle, soybeans, rice and corn.

Maurilândia began in 1946 when gold and diamond seekers arrived in the region, which belonged to the municipality of Rio Verde.

A mining site (garimpo) was established at the meeting of the Ribeirão Cabeleira and the Rio Verdão.

In 1954 Josias Lula, from Bahia, began to divide and sell lots with the help of local ranch owners.

The economy is based on agriculture, cattle raising, services, and modest transformation industries.

Sepin Ranking on the Municipal Human Development Index Data from 2000 For the complete list see Frigoletto.com