Maxwell is a Scottish surname, a habitational name derived from a location near Melrose, in Roxburghshire, Scotland.
This name was first recorded in 1144, as Mackeswell, meaning "Mack's spring (or stream)" (from the Old English well[a]).
The surname Maxwell is also common in Ulster, where it has, in some cases, been adopted as alternate form of the Irish surname Miskell.
[1] The surname Maxwell is represented in Scottish Gaelic as MacSuail.