May 2024 solar storms

The geomagnetic storm was the most powerful to affect Earth since March 1989,[a] and produced aurorae at far more equatorial latitudes than usual in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

[10] On 14 May, as the most active region 3664 rotated beyond the sun's western limb, the strongest flare occurred, an X8.7, causing level R3 (strong) radio blackouts.

[21] Three CMEs from 8 May reached Earth on 10 May 2024, causing severe to extreme geomagnetic storms with bright and very long-lasting aurorae.

In North America, aurorae were seen across the United States as far south as the Florida Keys,[24][25][26] as well as from the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico,[27] The Bahamas,[28] Jamaica,[29][30] and Puerto Rico.

[59][60] In Canada, power companies BC Hydro and Hydro-Québec stated that they had prepared for the storm, and monitored it as its ejecta struck Earth on 10–11 May.

[66] Agricultural users of John Deere RTK GPS equipment reported significantly degraded positional accuracy during the geomagnetic storm.

[67][68] University of Victoria researchers discovered that the geomagnetic storm triggered compasses in sub-sea observatories deployed as deep as 2.7 km under the ocean’s surface.

[69] Some aerial drone users flying during the storm experienced unusual behavior, including difficulty maintaining a stable hover, disruption of GPS signals, and in some cases a sudden loss of control which resulted in a crash.

[70][71] Drones rely on GPS and magnetic signals to maintain position during flight, which are affected by geomagnetic activity.

Values of the three-hour K p -index from 10–14 May 2024
Timeline of solar flares from active region AR3664, from 9 May to 2 June 2024, detected by Solar Orbiter
Timelapse of the aurora borealis near Calgary , Alberta. Pink aurora is produced by nitrogen molecules, green and red aurora is produced by oxygen molecules, and blue and purple aurora is produced by hydrogen and helium molecules, at altitudes of 100 to 400 km. [ 23 ]