He was born on January 9, 1955, in Arriana village of Rhodope to Ali and his wife Fatma, a family from the Turkish minority in Greece.

He studied in an İmam Hatip school, where he met Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who was his classmate.

[1][2] Before entering politics, he worked as a physician in a private hospital he co-founded in Avcılar district of Istanbul Province.

[1][2][3] Müezzinoğlu became a member of the Islamist Welfare Party (Turkish: Refah Partisi, RP) in 1992, where he helped to make policy alongside Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

On 31 August 2016, he was appointed Minister of Labour and Social Security in the Cabinet of Yıldırım replacing Süleyman Soylu.