Melgar de Fernamental is a municipality and town along the Pisuerga river, in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain.

Incorporated into Melgar in the 1970s were the former municipalities of 09349 Santa María Ananúñez from Burgos province and 34162 San Llorente de la Vega from Palencia province, including the following places: Other municipalities incorporated into Melgar in past centuries were: By the time of Roman Empire, the ancient city of Dessobriga was placed between the municipalities of Melgar de Fernamental, Osorno La Mayor and Osornillo, being its land Melgarese ground today.

The Saldania Roadway started by the river Pisuerga, opposite the town.

In 2007, 1,747 people lived in the main urban area, and the rest in different places which were incorporated into Melgar.

Monuments and places of interest: Melgar de Fernamental, Domingo Ortega Gutiérrez, Simancas Ediciones, S.A. Legal deposit VA-500-94 (1994, Valladolid, Spain).