Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurring facial paralysis, swelling of the face and lips (usually the upper lip: cheilitis granulomatosis) and the development of folds and furrows in the tongue (fissured tongue).

After recurrent attacks (ranging from days to years in between), swelling may persist and increase, eventually becoming permanent.

[citation needed] Treatment is symptomatic and may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids to reduce swelling, antibiotics and immunosuppressants.

Surgery may be indicated to relieve pressure on the facial nerves and reduce swelling, but its efficacy is uncertain.

Much of this research is aimed at increasing knowledge of these disorders and finding ways to treat, prevent, and ultimately cure them.