The county contains the Payams of Melut, Paloch, Bemichuk, Galdora, Wunamom and Panamdit[4] The region is one of wide, flat and low-lying plains with black cotton soils, covered by Savannah grasslands and acacia trees.

[4] The largest communities in the county are Dinka, Shilluk, Burun, Fur, Nubian and Nuer people.

[4] NGOs such as the Fellowship for African Relief (FAR) have provided agricultural training, particularly for young adults who have returned to the county, and during their time in Khartoum or in refugee camps did not learn the required skills.

[7] Major oil wells were drilled on lands that were previously used for cultivation and cattle grazing have directly affected the livelihood of the population.

[4] The government-run Melut Hospital has been open since February 2005 with two doctors, one medical assistant, one pharmacist, one laboratory technician and ten nurses.