The parliament is formally made up by the monarch (represented by the governor-general), an appointed Senate, and an elected House of Assembly.
In Bangladesh, a member of parliament is an individual who serves in the unicameral Jatiya Sangsad or House of the Nation.
[5] In order to form a Government, a political party or alliance usually requires a simple majority in Parliament.
[8] Members of Parliament are elected, while senators are appointed by the governor general on behalf of the sovereign at the direction of the prime minister.
Lok Sabha has 543 seats, all of whom are directly elected by the citizens of India from each parliamentary constituency of states and union territories via first-past-the-post voting.
The remaining 12 members are nominated by the president for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services.
They are functionally similar to other bicameral parliaments, with the lower house being significantly more influential and having more power over the creation of legislation.
In Malay, a member of Parliament is called Ahli Parlimen, or less formally wakil rakyat (people's representative).
The National Assembly of Pakistan has a total of 342 members, of whom 272 are directly elected, and 70 seats are reserved for women and minorities.
A candidate to become an MP must be a Sri Lankan citizen and can be a holder of dual-citizenship in any other country, be at least 18 years of age, and not be a public official or officeholder.
A candidate to become an MP must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, be at least 18 years of age (reduced from 21 in 2006), and not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the Electoral Administration Act 2006.
However a legal fiction allows voluntary resignation between elections; as MPs are forbidden from holding an "office of profit under the Crown", an MP wishing to resign will apply for the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Stewardship of the Manor of Northstead which are nominally such paid offices and thus result in the MP vacating their seat.
Member of Parliament can be the term (often a translation) for representatives in parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system and who are usually referred to in a different fashion, such as deputé in France, deputato in Italy, deputat in Bulgaria, parlamentario or diputado in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America, deputado in Portugal and Brazil, and Mitglied des Bundestages (MdB) in Germany.
In Bulgaria there are 240 members of Parliament (Bulgarian: Народно събрание / Парламент; transliteration Narodno sabranie / Parlament), which are called 'Deputati' (singular Deputat).
The two houses of parliament together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately.
In Empire of Japan, both houses of today's national parliament, the National Diet (Kokkai), are directly elected, and although the two chambers differ in legislative and political authority, term length and age restriction of eligibility, the members of both houses are generally equal in personal status (financial compensation, immunity, etc.).
According to the jurisdiction of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the term deputy (Kazakh: депутат, romanized: deputat) is the main and widely used word to describe a member of parliament (Kazakh: парламент депутаты, romanized: parlament deputaty) as a whole, encompassing both the lower house Mäjilis and the upper house Senate.
It is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage in multi-member constituencies, apportioned among Lebanon's diverse Christian and Muslim denominations.
The members of the twelve provincial parliaments and the councils of the three Caribbean special municipalities elect the senators.
In the Republic of North Macedonia there are 120 members of parliament (Macedonian: Sobranie) called Pratenici (singular Pratenik).
The dividing of the parliament into chambers was only used when dealing with passing regular laws and in cases of impeachment (riksrett).
In other matters, such as passing the national budget or changing the constitution (the latter requiring a majority of two-thirds), the chambers were united.
The members of the unicameral parliament of Norway are chosen by popular vote for a parliamentary period of four years.
A member of parliament is known as a deputado, that is, a person who is appointed through democratic election to act on the people's behalf.
The former is in more common use today, especially in official contexts, due to its status as a unisex word, while the latter was used more often historically and literally refers to a male MP exclusively.
To become an MP, a person must be entitled to vote (i.e. be a Swedish citizen, be at least 18 years old and be or have been resident in Sweden) and must be nominated by a political party.
[27] According to a survey investigation by the sociologist Jenny Hansson,[28] Swedish national parliamentarians have an average workweek of 66 hours, including side responsibilities.
Hansson's investigation further reports that the average Swedish national parliamentarian sleeps 6.5 hours per night.
Following the military coup d'état on 19 September 2006, all members of the assembly were suspended from duty until the next election.
There are 450 people's deputies of Ukraine who are elected based on the general, equal and direct electoral right for five years.