The diameter of the molecular disk and hot plasma associated with the obscuring material was first measured at radio wavelengths by the VLBA and VLA.

An analysis of NGC 1068's spectra using Interferometry by Tacconi et al. (1994) suggested that the galaxy's Seyfert 1 core was obstructed by a thick Molecular cloud region[17].

[19] It has a radio jet consisting of a northeast and a southwest region, caused by interactions with the interstellar medium.

[21] In February 2022 astronomers reported a cloud of cosmic dust, detected through infrared interferometry observations, located at the centre of Messier 77 that is hiding a supermassive black hole.

[22][23] In November 2022, the IceCube collaboration announced the detection of a neutrino source emitted by the active galactic nucleus of Messier 77.