Michael Friedländer (29 April 1833 – 10 December 1910) was an Orientalist and principal of Jews' College, London.

Settling in Berlin, he was appointed principal of the Talmud school, a position which he resigned in 1865 to accept that of the principal of Jews' College, London, in succession to Barnett Abrahams.

There he taught theology, biblical and rabbinical exegesis, Talmud, Jewish history, mathematics, and Arabic.

His son-in-law was Moses Gaster (1856–1939), the Hakham of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation, London, and a Hebrew linguist.

As a member of the Society of Hebrew Literature he published under its auspices: He also edited a Jewish Family Bible in English and Hebrew, compiled a Handbook of the Jewish Religion, made calculations on the Hebrew calendar, and contributed articles to the Jewish Quarterly Review, the Dictionary of National Biography, and other publications.