The Michigan model is a theory of voter choice, based primarily on sociological and party identification factors.
Originally proposed by political scientists, beginning with an investigation of the 1952 Presidential election,[1] at the University of Michigan's Survey Research Centre.
These scholars developed and refined an approach to voting behaviour[1] in terms of a voter's psychological attachment to a political party,[2] acknowledging cleavages on a group level, which would be continued over the next two decades.
[1] Furthermore, according to the model, this party attachment is generally stable, formulated by outside social influences, including parents, family members and others in one's sociological spectrum.
The model is only applicable to American winner-take-all systems, as lack of choice contributes to small chances for partisan ID to change.