Yuzawa was born in Kamitsuga District, Tochigi in what is now part of the city of Kanuma as the son of a kannushi (Shinto priest).

He served within the ministry within the field of public health, and oversaw the establishment of the Meiji Shrine Games, which were held annually from 1924 to 1943.

In 1940, he was appointed chairman of the Dai-Nippon Sangyō Jōhōkokukai, a war-time umbrella organization encompassing all of the former labor unions, which were now under government control.

As Home Minister, Yuzawa organized government support for the Taisei Yokusankai, which won a landslide victory in the 1942 General Election, but had to contend with the increasing radicalization of the paramilitary youth wing of the party, the Yokusan Sonendan.

In 1959, he ran for a seat in the post-war upper house of the Diet of Japan under the Liberal Party ticket and served for a single term.