Middletown is a village in Logan County, Illinois, United States.

According to the 2010 census, Middletown has a total area of 0.24 square miles (0.62 km2), all land.

Middletown was a frequent overnight stop for legislators traveling between Springfield and Peoria in the mid-to-late 19th century.

The Stage Coach Inn, located off the town square, is the oldest such wooden structure in Illinois.

Several hot air balloon records were set in Middletown and the historic Vin Fiz, the first cross country flight, counts Middletown as one of the stops on that journey.

28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.