The township was named for its location on the rail line halfway between Sioux City, Iowa and St. Paul, Minnesota.
13.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
About 1.9% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
Midway Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Jim Hagedorn, a Republican.
At the state level, Midway Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Doug Magnus, and in House District 22B, represented by Republican Rod Hamilton.