[1] As president of Argentina, he promoted public works but was not capable of maintaining economic stability and had to contend with the powerful opposition of the Civic Union Party, and its leader Leandro N. Alem.

The federalization succeeded in 1880 and was followed by the establishment of state elementary education in the capital during the presidency of Julio A. Roca, together with this and the other members of the League of Governors, he founded the National Autonomist Party (PAN) in the following years.

The mistrust of popular initiatives and the private management of politics were made manifest in the governor's constant direct interventions, his interference in the distribution of credit and the recourse to the presence of the army in case of encountering obstacles.

Through the same constitutional reform, the executive powers of the Cordovan municipalities ceased to be collegiate bodies and were replaced by the post of mayor: administrative, one-person, elective function, whose mandate was set for three years.

Without major expectations, on May 17, 1883, Juárez Celman handed over the provincial command to his successor Gregorio Gavier, also an autonomist, and the Legislative Assembly quickly appointed him a senator in accordance with Article 46 of the 1853 Constitution.

Julio A. Roca, who was not interested in the ideas of others but only in his own, driven by the desire to return to occupy the chair of Rivadavia and believed in the friendship and proven loyalty of Juárez, his brother-in-law, favored the candidacy from Córdoba for the presidential succession.

On October 12 he assumed the presidency; In his inaugural speech he announced his liberal ideology, which included the promotion of education, European immigration - with which he intended to reverse the "inferiority" of native blood - and private enterprise.

He ordered the construction of government buildings such as the Correo Central (only completed in 1928), the Colón Theater, numerous schools and sanitary infrastructure, the reform of the port of Buenos Aires according to Eduardo Madero's project, and the beginning of the works of the San Roque Dam, by Bialet Massé.

A major legal reform was also promoted, including the procedural organization of the Courts, the establishment of a Property Registry, the enactment of the Civil Marriage Law and the Mining, Criminal and Commerce codes.

Juárez Celman's claim to eliminate internal dissidents by being appointed Sole Chief of the PAN favored the meeting of various groups, which took an increasingly critical stance of the political forms of the Unicato, both in the press and in street demonstrations.

Continuing to a large extent with the boom in commercial and stock market speculation of his predecessor, Juárez Celman accelerated the process through an active privatization policy.

In particular, the privatization of the most successful state-owned company in Argentine history until then, the Buenos Aires Western Railway, was striking, the sale of which was justified precisely on the basis of its operating and financial surplus.

In addition to the railways, there were also major investments in ports, including those of Bahía Blanca, Rosario, La Plata and in Buenos Aires, began the construction of Puerto Madero.

Livestock producers were in full economic boom, with the extension of somewhat more modern production systems - the fencing had spread throughout the country, and the first windmills for water arrived - and with the incorporation of recently reclaimed land from the indigenous territory.

The financial situation began to go into crisis at the end of 1888, when the Banco Constructor de La Plata went bankrupt, which with it took the life of its president and founder Carlos Mauricio Schweitzer.

Shortly after, the Argentine State entered into default and repudiated the debts contracted by the Guaranteed Banks and the provinces, with which in fact it declared bankruptcy, from which it would only emerge several years later.

Once his resignation was accepted, that of the first constitutional president in history, he withdrew forever from political activity, despite his youth (45 years) and secluded himself in his mansion on Paseo de Julio (today Avenida Leandro Alem) in front of the Plaza Roma in Buenos Aires.

His only activity related to the public was the claim he made at the beginning of the sessions of the National Congress each year for the accounts of his presidential term to be dealt with, with the intention of showing that he could have been a bad but honest president.