Mihály András Vajda (10 February 1935 – 27 November 2023) was a Hungarian leftist intellectual who took part in the debates surrounding the development of national socialism, Marxism–Leninism, and the state of capitalism in the latter half of the 20th century.

"[1] Vajda was one of the original members of Georg Lukács's "Budapest School",[2] Hungarian theorists who began as neo-Marxists but moved on to what they called post-Marxist and also post-modern perspectives.

Vajda continues to draw, like other members of the original Budapest School, from a Marxist legacy in seeking to examine the state of contemporary liberal society.

In a notable show of support for Vajda and his colleague fellow Hungarian theorist Ágnes Heller, Jürgen Habermas and Julian Nida-Rümelin wrote a public appeal in defense of Vajda and Heller, insisting that "We are concerned about the political and professional fate of our Hungarian colleagues...

Under the nationalist government, which has used its two-thirds majority to erode the Hungarian constitution, they are again exposed to political persecution.