Mihailo Živković

After finishing his second year of Artillery School, Zivković-Gvozdeni was sent to fight Ottoman forces as a cadet sergeant.

After being promoted to infantry [lieutenant], He was appointed commander of the Rača battalion of the Užice brigade of the 2nd class.

Zivković-Gvozdeni then served as commander of the Dragačevo battalion of the Čačak brigade, participating in the liberation of Prokuplje and Kursumlija from Turkish forces.

[2][3] After an armistice was signed with the Ottoman Empire, Zivković-Gvozdeni served as adjutant of the 1st class Čačak Brigade.

With an armistice signed with Bulgaria, Zivković-Gvozdeni was appointed in March 1886 as a company commander in the 11th Guards Battalion, and from April from December 1887 Adjutant Chief of the General Staff.

On December 25, 1897, Zivković was appointed infantry officer of the Corps Department in the Active Army Command.

[2][3] With the reconstruction of Petar Velimirović's cabinet, on December 23, 1908, Zivković-Gvozdeni was appointed Minister of War, replacing General Stepa Stepanović.

[2][3] After Serbia declared war on the Ottoman Empire in September 1912, Zivković returned to military command.

The German war correspondent Hermenegild Wagner, reporting in November 1912, claimed that Živković was responsible for having massacred 950 Albanian and Turkish notables.

With the fall of Serbia to German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian forces, Zivković-Gvozdeni accompanied the remainder of the Serbian army to Corfu, where this command was disbanded in 1916.

Under the command of the Russian imperial Army, this force included Serbs, Rusyns, Slovak, Czech and other ethnic groups.

With the onset of the Russian Revolution in 1917, Zivković-Gvozdeni decided to join a corps of Serbian volunteers being sent to the Thessaloniki front,[9] However, after falling ill along the way, he stayed in Paris.

[2][3] With the formation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs at the end of World War I, Zivković-Gvozdeni chose to not continue his military service as a reserve officer.