The district Conaway represented is located in West Texas and includes Midland, Odessa, San Angelo, Brownwood, and Granbury.

Conaway led the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections (with assistance from Trey Gowdy and Tom Rooney) after the Intelligence Committee chair, Devin Nunes, recused himself.

[citation needed] Committee assignments (116th Congress) Caucus memberships Conaway endorsed former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney for president in 2008.

[12] Conaway introduced legislation to extend and reform the federal tax credit to support wide scale commercial deployment of carbon capture and storage.

[13] Speaker Paul Ryan announced Conaway's new role as leader of the House Intelligence Committee in April 2017 after chairman Devin Nunes temporarily[14] recused himself from investigations into Russian interference in the U.S. 2016 election.

[15] In February 2018, Conaway prevented efforts by the Democrats on the House Intelligence Committee to investigate financial links between Trump, his businesses, his family and Russian actors.

"[17] In December 2020, Conaway was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives who signed an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden prevailed[18] over incumbent Donald Trump.

The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article III of the Constitution to challenge the results of the election held by another state.

A few months later, the Texas Legislature redrew the state's districts in an effort engineered by then-House Majority Leader Tom DeLay.

DeLay was particularly keen to draw a district based in Midland, Odessa and the oil-rich Permian Basin in part because Texas House Speaker Tom Craddick was from that area.

He faced only minor party opposition in 2008 (another year of severe Republican losses nationally), 2014, and 2016, winning each time with roughly 90% of the vote.