It is a top-level military scientific research institution in Serbia, dealing with research and development (R&D) of new weaponry and military equipment as well as with upgrade of the inventory for both branches of the Serbian Armed Forces: Army (including River Flotilla) and Air Force and Defence.

After the World War II, Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia had a need to independently develop military technology and reduce dependence from foreign supply with given political situation of that time and future political course.

By a decision of the Secretary of Defense and a proclamation by the Yugoslav president Josip Broz Tito, VTI was founded in 1948 as the Military Technical Institute of the Land Forces (Serbian: Vojnotehnički institut Kopnene vojske; abbr.

(above mentioned developed by the Aeronautical Technical Institute) MIP 11,[11] TV Homing Heads for Guided missiles, Laser Homing Heads for Guided missiles, System for acoustic source localization - HEMERA,[12] inertial guidance systems for missiles, Explosive reactive armour M99, Battery command and control system for Nora B-52, M07G Mortar ballistic computer, Tank engine protection from wrong start-up, system for automatic control and jamming of mobile telephony, Radio jammers against remotely controlled improvised explosive devices, Software packages for command and control of air defense assets from the command and control centers, MOMS surveillance-sighting system [8] Neva-M1T, SA-341, Upgraded Howitzer 105 mm M56/33, Upgraded Howitzer 105mm M101/33, Programs for modernization of the T-55 family of tanks, including their Chinese derivatives, as well as of the T-72 family of tanks, Upgraded BTR-50 Military Technical Institute regularly exhibits at Partner and IDEX military fairs as well as organizing OTEX scientific-technical gathering.

Mali Miloš in action - story about development and use, presented by official Serbia RTS state defense TV channel "Dozvolite" - Little Milos - robot