A mining referendum is a direct and universal vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a mining proposal.
Mining referendums have been held in Tambo Grande, Peru in 2002,[1] Esquel, Argentina in 2003,[1][2] and Cuenca, Ecuador in 2021.
[3][4][5] In each of the three cases the local community rejected the establishment of new mines in their territory.
[1][3] In 2022 activists in Quito, Ecuador gathered 380,000 signatures to petition a mining referendum to block a mining project in the forests of Chocó Andino.
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