Atypical of a Danish ministry it does not have any agencies, councils, boards or committees associated with it and its primary responsibility is to serve as the secretariat of the Prime Minister of Denmark, currently Mette Frederiksen.

The Ministry of the State of Denmark was founded 1 January 1914, though its origin can be found in a small secretariat created in 1848, under the Council of State (Danish: Statsrådet) to assist the new Council President (Danish: Konseilspræsident), the name used for the Prime Minister of Denmark from 1855 to 1918.

But these titles did not confer formal head-of-government status, as the king retained absolute executive authority until the adoption of a liberal Constitution in the early nineteenth century.

[4] Since its establishment, the Prime Minister's Office rapidly assumed critical responsibilities encompassing constitutional, royal, ministerial, and parliamentary affairs, enduring to this day.

Under Permanent Secretary of State, Frederik Valdemar Petersen (1919–1938), the office expanded significantly, with efforts focused on broadening its remit and administrative capacity.

Additionally, the role of the Prime Minister and the Office varies based on factors like government composition.

The two policy departmental divisions are headed by a Permanent Under Secretary of State (Danish: Departementsråd, lit.

[6] Since the 2019 government formation under Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen, the ministry has undergone significant expansion, augmenting staff and establishing new units.

[8] The Division also oversees tasks concerning the North Atlantic area, including Greenland and the Faroe Island.

[8] The chief of the Division serves a role similar to that of the National Security Advisor in the United States.

[8] Due to the career transitions of two Permanent Under Secretaries of State, Christian Liebing and Martin Madsen, who were respectively responsible for domestic policy and economic policy, Permanent Under Secretary of State, Pelle Pape's division for government coordination and development has assumed these areas of responsibility.

Additionally, the division carries out various tasks related to ministers, such as handling remuneration and pension matters, as well as duties concerning the Danish royal family, including budget management, civil list annuity administration, VAT refunds, and similar responsibilities.