Article 17 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption specifies that each State party should criminalize misappropriation, embezzlement, or other diversion of priority by public officials.
Depending upon the jurisdiction and value of the property, misappropriation may be a felony, a crime punishable by a prison sentence.
This can include plagiarism of work or to make use of any information in breach of any duty of confidentiality associated with the review of manuscripts or grant applications.
[citation needed] Misappropriation can have very serious consequences, including imprisonment, fines, probation, and a permanent criminal record.
In circumstances where the funds are accessible to, but not entrusted to, the perpetrator, it is not embezzlement but can still be considered larceny, misappropriation, misapplication, or some other similar term.