It differentiated the voltages from the Vertikant (yaw and roll) and Horizont (pitch) gyroscopes to sense the gyro platform's divergence from its original orientation in pitch, yaw and roll, - and more crucially derived the rate of divergence - and output amplified correcting voltages to the steering servos for the exhaust vanes and external rudders.

Technical concepts tested with the smaller A5 research rocket included use of the Siemens Vertikant stability control system with rate gyros.

From his previous glider ground speed indicator concept in the mid-1930s, Hölzer realized he could implement an electrical approximation of a stability control equation by processing the signals of lower cost position gyros using a network of resistors, capacitors, and tube amplifiers.

The Mischgerät analog electronic computing approach became the base from which American and Soviet engineers built much more sophisticated and accurate rocket flight control systems into the 1960s.

In 1935 while student of the Technical University at Darmstadt, Germany, Helmut Hölzer was also a novice glider pilot, and wanted a way to measure his ground speed.

They expanded upon the design of the electronic simulators they developed to test the remote control system into a prototype automatic stabilization computer.

The task of the missile control system was to force the device to follow its intended trajectory during powered flight and to avoid oscillation and roll.

[5] If the command voltages of the pitch, yaw and roll gyroscopes corresponding to the angular position of the device were given directly to the steering servos as control currents, the following picture would result.

They would swing at a high angular rate in order to bring the missile back into the correct position via the control surface it was attached to (ie.

[5] To ensure that the control surfaces return to the zero position before the missile overcorrects, the steering servos must receive a command to run back some time beforehand.

To determine the appropriate lead, the steering system must sense more than the yaw offset, but also include the angular velocity and acceleration of the missile turning away from its original orientation.

During the Hermes program testing of captured V-2s in the US, prime contractor General Electric built 80 additional units using local components at their Schenectady, NY facility when the project ran out of German-made examples to equip otherwise completed missiles.