It was established by the Holy See and entrusted to the care of the Order of Clerics Regular of Saint Paul (also known as "Barnabites").

[1] On May 16, 2002, a mission sui iuris (pre-Diocesan jurisdiction) was created for all of Afghanistan, which remains exempt.

This means that it belongs to no Ecclesiastical province, but rather is directly dependent on the Holy See and its missionary branch, the Dicastery for Evangelization.

On November 4, 2014, Pope Francis appointed Giovanni M. Scalese, CRSP, as the second ecclesiastical superior of the mission sui iuris in Afghanistan.

[4] Azure, an increscent Argent with a Mullet of eight-points Or, A bordure is made up of 3 colors — Sable, Gules and Vert.