Historically, it was located in the region of Upper Peru, and was a corregimiente dependent on Santa Cruz de la Sierra until 1783, when it became an independent town of the Intendencia de Cochabamba, in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.

Mizque is located on a well maintained highway which to the north-west leads through the Valle Alto to Cochabamba.

In the other direction, as National Road 23, the route runs southwards to Aiquile and, beyond that, to Sucre.

The bus connection to Cochabamba operates on an almost daily basis.

There is a railcar service to Cochabamba that runs three times per week, but the journey time is approximately twice as long as that taken by the bus using the main road, and the station is not much used for passenger traffic.