[6] After serving as Assistant Director and Head of the Environment Unit at the President's Office in the Maldives, Shareef returned to the University of Warwick for postgraduate research.

[6] His thesis was a comparative analysis of the negotiating positions of the Maldives and Malta at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties.

[5] In this role, he supported President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's international efforts to raise awareness about climate change and the threat of sea level rise to the Maldives and other small island developing states (SIDS).

[5] Following the 2008 presidential election defeat, Mohamed transitioned to the Secretariat of Former President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, serving as his Special Assistant on Foreign Relations.

[5] Mohamed contributed to the party's electoral successes, including victories in multiple by-elections for parliamentary and local council seats.

[5] He also represented the Maldives at the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation's Council of Foreign Ministers in Guinea in 2013 and attended the State Funeral of Nelson Mandela as a special envoy of the president.

[9][10] Throughout his career, Shareef was involved in foreign affairs, often serving as a speechwriter and delegate for President Gayoom at major international events.

[13] In 2023, Shareef was appointed Ambassador of the Maldives to the United Arab Emirates;[14] he presented his credentials to Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan in June 2024.