[3] Of this alternative name, scholar kuʻualoha hoʻomanawanui has written: "It completely erases the Native perspective of the ‘āina as mo’o, a living entity that Hi’iaka—a female, no less—overpowers…Mokoli’i doesn’t exist in isolation as 'Chinaman's Hat' does.

[4] Both wildlife and plants of Mokoliʻi have been affected by the presence of non-native species, in particular the black rat and yellow crazy ant.

Native plants thrive in the coastal margins and include ahu awa (Cyperus javanicus), naupaka (Scaevola taccada), and ilima (Sida fallax).

[5] Invasive plants which dominate the slopes are Lantana camara, Spanish needles (Bidens alba var.

[5] The U. S. Exploring Expedition of 1840 drew up a chart of Kaneohe Bay Harbor where it labeled Mokoliʻi as "Namu Island".