Monroe Jackson Rathbone II (March 1, 1900 – August 2, 1976) was an American businessman who was the chairman, president, and CEO of Standard Oil of New Jersey (now the Exxon Corporation).

[2] He served on the boards of directors for many other major corporations, including Bethlehem Steel, American Telephone and Telegraph, and Prudential Insurance, and on such private groups as the Deafness Research Foundation, the National Fund for Medical Education, and the Council for Financial Aid to Education.

During World War II, he served on President Roosevelt's Business Council.

A resident of Summit, New Jersey, Rathbone maintained a country home near Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

[2] Rathbone died at the age of 76 on August 2, 1976, at Baton Rouge General Hospital.