Monterenzio (Medial Mountain Bolognese: Muntarènzi) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Bologna (Emilia-Romagna, Italy).

The Via Flaminia Minore road runs upon the crest and marks the watershed and the historic and cultural border between Emilia and Romagna.

The main town is located at about 34 kilometres (21 mi) from Bologna, on the right side of the Idice and downstream of the community of Monterenzio that gave the name to the comune.

An Etruscan-Celtic settlement was discovered in the hamlet of Pianella di Monte Savino, nowadays still an object of excavations, dating back to the 4th century BCE that brought to light the presence of a tank for the gathering of water, certainly of public domain.

The hamlet of Scaruglio is home to the Church of Sant'Andrea di Scoveto, mentioned many times in the tithe reports of 1300, near which the market of Monterenzio was said to have taken place, as prescribed in the Statutes of Bologna in 1288.