The population was 1,439 at the time of the 2020 census,[2] a decline from the figure of 1,568 tabulated in 2010.

This township was named in honor of John Montgomery, an early settler of Conemaugh Township and a noted Revolutionary War veteran who owned a large tract of land in present Montgomery County.

It includes the communities of Arcadia, Bowdertown, Cush Creek, Gipsy, Gorman Summit, Hillsdale (previously called Gettysburg), Hooverhurst, Lower Wilgus, and Upper Wilgus.

As of the census[5] of 2000, there were 1,706 people, 608 households, and 460 families residing in the township.

21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was sixty-five years of age or older.