Monthureux-sur-Saône (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tyʁø syʁ son] ⓘ) or Monthureux-on-the-Saône is a commune near the Saône River in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

Monthureux itself derives from Medieval Latin Monasteriolum ("little monastery"), the etymon of many other French towns known as Montreuil.

Under Roman rule, the site of the present city was on the military road connecting Langres to Baccarat.

A Gallo-Roman cemetery from that era has been found nearby but, during the turbulent aftermath of Frankish and Burgundian conquest of the area, the site currently occupied by Monthureux-sur-Saône was probably abandoned to the forest.

The current church positioned on the site of the old monastery was completely rebuilt in the sixteenth century, but some traces of the eleventh-century arches survive on the exterior of the building on its north side.