During the 1930s, the MCSC began to distribute milk to students and the first school for the disabled opened.

In 1964, the Ministry of Education of Quebec was established, reducing the authority of boards and religious leaders in the school system.

In 1981, the Levesque government of René Lévesque restricted access of the clergy to the schools.

The district served Montreal, Côte Saint-Luc, Hampstead, Montréal-Nord, and Westmount.

The district had 13 special schools for students with handicaps, disabilities, and behavioral problems.

In the 1990s, a secular group called the Mouvement laïque québécois began a class action lawsuit against the board, and two political parties competed for power within the MCSC: the religious Regroupement scolaire confessionnel led by Michel Pallascio (RSM) et the secular Mouvement pour une école moderne et ouverte laïciste (MEMO) headed by Diane De Courcy.