[3] Born in Seoul, South Korea, Moon began his football career at Janghoon High School in 2008 and spent two years there.

[4] After graduating high school in 2010, Moon's football career suffered a setback when there was no K League clubs offered him a contract and there wasn't an opportunity to join a college squad either.

[5] Moon had to pursued elsewhere when he took part in the Nike, Inc. sponsored competition "The Chance" in early 2011 and were among 100 players (later 32) to be selected for the next stage.

[8] Moon was signed by third tier Swedish club Östersunds FK on 26 January 2012, after their English manager Graham Potter spotted him while he was in his homeland to scout Ghanaian David Accam, who also was training with the Nike Academy at the time.

[11] It wasn't until on 16 June 2012 when Moon made his return from injury, coming on as a 62nd-minute substitute, in a 1–0 loss against IK Frej.

Following the end of the 2013 season, Moon decided to move back home to South Korea due to homesickness.

[38] At the start of the 2016 season, Moon began to be in a regular first team football, playing in the midfield position.

[40] However, his first team opportunities became limited later in the 2016 season, due to being on the substitute bench and facing his own injury concerns.

[43][44] After his release by Djurgårdens IF, Moon returned to South Korea, signing for Incheon United on 8 December 2016.

[47] Moon made his Incheon United debut on 18 March 2017 against Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors and played 81 minutes, as they drew 0–0.

[51] Moon became a first team regular for the side, playing in the midfield position and quickly making an impact.

[55] His goals against Jeonnam Dragons and Sangju Sangmu contributed Incheon United's stay in the K–League for another season.

[74] Moon made his Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors debut in the opening game of the season against Daegu as a 75th-minute substitute, in a 1–0 win.

[76] Four days later, on 13 March 2019, Moon made his AFC Champions League debut, where he played 30 minutes, in a 1–0 against Buriram United.

[77] At the start of the 2019 season, Moon found himself placed on the substitute bench, due to his struggling form.

[84] However, in the second leg, he was sent–off in the last minutes of extra time for an unprofessional foul; the match went to penalty shootout and Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors lost 5–4.

[87] For the next two months, Moon later contributed for the club's matches by assisting several goals, which helped the side go on winning runs in aiming to be a title contenders.

[91] After missing one match, Moon returned to the starting line-up against Gangwon in the last game of the season and played 85 minutes, as Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won 1–0 to win the league for the third time consecutively.

[92] Moon finished his first season at Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors, making thirty–seven appearances and scoring eleven times in all competitions.

[98] In May 2018, Moon was named in South Korea's preliminary 28 man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.

[100] He made his South Korea's debut against Honduras on 28 May 2018, coming on in the 56th minute and scoring the national side's second goal of the game, in a 2–0 win.

[104] Following the match, Osen gave Moon's performance a 6.5 points, due to being actively involved in the frontline counterattack situation.

[111] A year later, Moon was called up to the national team for the EAFF E-1 Football Championship as South Korea was the tournament host.

[114] Growing up, he cited FIFA World Cup In South Korea and Japan as the reason that made him want to be a footballer.

[116] In June 2018, Moon announced his marriage to Oh Hye-ji, a long time supporter of Incheon United.