Morteza Gholi Bayat (Persian: مرتضی‌قلی بیات; Mortezā Qoli Bayāt, aka Sahām al-Soltān, 1890–10 May 1958) was a Prime Minister of Iran.

Born in Arak, Iran into a family of Iran's ancient tribal nobility, Chieftains of the Bayat tribe, to Haj Abbas Qoli-Khan Saham al-Molk Araki, he first founded the Democratic party of Arak.

He was elected numerous times to the Parliament of Iran as a representative of Arak.

The visit of Charles de Gaulle to Iran took place during his administration.

Under the presence of the Allies in Iran, Tehran also declared war on Japan during his administration.