Mount Barker were one of the original five foundation clubs of the Hills Football Association when it was founded in 1902 and reached the league's inaugural Grand Final, only to go down to Woodside.

Mount Barker had left the association during the middle of the 1906 season alleging that league officials had exhibited bias towards the club, after they had previously won premierships in 1903 and 1905.

Mount Barker went through the 1938 season undefeated and beating Hahndorf in the Grand Final, and winning another premiership in 1948.

Mount Barker went to the Hills Central Football Association in 1954 and remained there until 1966, where the club won a total of five premierships and were runners up three times.

Mount Barker is currently only 3 inaugural members of the Hills Football League, along with Lobethal and Onkaparinga Valley.