Mount Chapin is part of the Mummy Range which is a subset of the Rocky Mountains.

Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises 2,700 feet (820 meters) above Fall River in less than one mile.

Neighbors include Mount Chiquita and Ypsilon Mountain to the immediate northeast, and the park's Alpine Visitor Center is three miles to the west.

[5] According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Chapin is located in an alpine subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool to warm summers.

[6] Due to its altitude, it receives precipitation all year, as snow in winter, and as thunderstorms in summer, with a dry period in late spring.