Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali (Arabic: محمد فاضل الجمالي) (20 April 1903 – 24 May 1997) was an Iraqi statesman, educator, politician and diplomat, who held important posts in the government of Iraq, during the royal era.

Al-Jamali is considered one of the most prominent figures in politics and education in Iraq and the Arab World along with being one of the most notable and well-known prime ministers during the Royal era of Iraq, his academic excellence qualified him to obtain the most prestigious scientific degrees in the most prestigious universities in the world despite his upbringing in a conservative and religious environment.

His entourage to Iraq, the idea of liberation and Arab unity would inspire a young al-Jamali and leave a deep impression on him.

At the time, he was one of the only educated Iraqis with overseas experiences which further supported this career switch although there were rumors that al-Jamali had Axis leanings.

Al-Jamali's debut at a major world conference was at the organizational meetings of the United Nations in San Francisco in the late spring of 1945.

[18] On the weekend of that week, the diplomats, including al-Jamali, visited Curry Village in Yosemite Valley and was noted in the news for his modest attitude and open-mindedness towards seeking multicultural understanding.

[19] Al-Jamali also took part in Arab delegations that wanted to ensure the independence of Syria, and Lebanon, and the protection of Palestine from Zionism.

[20][21] When the United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposed aiding "Near East" countries, al-Jamali pointed out that Iraq has been feeling political and social danger for years due to the situations in the Korean War, Vietnam War, and Eastern Europe, and welcomed Eisenhower economic and military aid to protect Iraq from communism and subversion.

[22] In September 1946, al-Jamali represented Iraq at the Paris Peace Conference which was to decide the fate of the former Italian colony of Libya for which he asked for immediate independence from Italy.

[19] Al-Jamali warned of Zionism having "something in common with Hitlerite technique" as it combined religion, race, and state into a "fanatic and one-sided ideology.

Under the pen name "Ibn al-Iraq", al-Jamali began in 1944 to write a series of newspaper articles to warn the public of Zionism which he saw as a threat.

[26] In December 1944, al-Jamali helped establish Arab League Offices for Palestine in Britain and America under the direction of Musa al-'Alami.

He would later meet with al-Jamali in Cairo in 1947 in which he sought to improve relations with Iraq and express his innocence of encouraging Rashid Ali al-Gaylani's revolt in 1941.

[27] Al-Jamali, representing Iraq, also joined Egyptian Foreign Minister, Mansur Fahmy, in condemning Zionism as an aggressive and reactionary threat to Middle Eastern security.

But any injustice imposed upon the Arabs of Palestine will disturb the harmony among Jews and non-Jews in Iraq; it will breed inter-religious prejudice and hatred.

[32] On September 17, 1953, King Faisal II of Iraq entrusted Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali with the task of forming a new government.

Al-Jamali appointed mainly young officials, including people who had already proposed land reform, social security, and government organizations.

[33] That same month, al-Jamali abolished press censorship and ended the state of emergency in the country which was introduced a year earlier, lifting restrictions on the activities of political parties.

[33] Al-Jamali's government also worked to establish an anti-communist alliance between Iraq, Iran, Türkiye and Pakistan which it announced to the public in February 1954.

Al-Jamali would meet with several delegations such as Asaf Ali that concerned the Palestinian question and the founding stones of the Afro-Asian conference.

In the late 1940s and the 1950s, al-Jamali would work with figures such as Charles Malik of Lebanon, Faris al-Khoury of Syria, and Mahmud Fawzi of Egypt in consultation concerning the future of former colonies in Africa such as Libya and Eritrea.

However, al-Said was preoccupied with domestic problems and with setting up the mechanism of the Baghdad Pact, so he requested King Faisal II to order al-Jamali to lead the delegation.

[36] Being a conference of none-aligned countries, it was attended by many leaders such as former Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and then-Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

[37] The New York Times reported the conference fully and remarked that al-Jamali's speech received more applause than that of any other delegate, noting that it was "a vigorous anti-communist attack.

His release came after global condemnation and pressure from many important international figures such as King Muhammad V of Morocco, Dag Hammarskjold, and Pope John XXIII.

Those include ones from countries such as Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, Iran, Republic of China, Tunisia, Spain, the Vatican City among more.

While in prison he wrote a series of letters to his son setting out the teaching and practice of Islam and its relevance to the problems and experience of the modern world.

In the book, al-Jamali detailed his beliefs: "My faith calls for scientific research, especially in the field of natural science and social studies and the acceptance of the concept of evolution.

"[citation needed]Throughout al-Jamali's life, he wrote many books and published many articles in Arab, English, American, and French newspapers and magazines.

[49] The academic and researcher in political science, Dr. Yasser Abd al-Hussein, described al-Jamali as "the immortal icon of Iraqi diplomacy.