Muhammad I of Cordoba (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الرحمن الأوسط; 823–886) was a Muslim ruler of al-Andalus.

Muhammad I engaged in diplomacy with Charles the Bald, the Carolingian king of the West Franks, sending him camels in 865.

While a majority of Cordoban Christians conformed to Islamic society and lived comfortably as a result, there were still some who fervently defended their faith.

[6] In 855 he restored the entrance called Bab al-Wuzara' ("Gate of the Viziers"), known today as the Puerta de San Esteban, which is an important early example of the prototypical Moorish gateway.

[8][6][7] One of Muhammad I's wives, Umm Salama, also founded a cemetery and a mosque named after her in the northern suburbs of Cordoba.