The museum was established in 1938 as the Museu de Angola,[1] and was originally housed in the Fortress of São Miguel, initially with departments of Ethnography, History, Zoology, Botany, Geology, Economics and Art.

[2] The museum aims to investigate, collect, conserve and disseminate to the public the natural resources that reflect Angola's biodiversity, in order to promote scientific knowledge.

The museum has three floors with large halls, where there are stuffed specimens of mammals, fish, cetaceans, insects, reptiles and birds.

The museum's estate also includes vast and rich collections of mollusks, butterflies and shells, many of which were used as currency on the West African coast.

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