The First Nation's land was settled after Chief John Smith of a Cree and Saulteaux band who were originally from the Saint Peter's Reserve (this was near Selkirk, Manitoba and was dissolved, with the remainder of the band today comprising the Peguis First Nation in Manitoba) settled along the South Saskatchewan River in the 1870s.

Chief Smith signed onto Treaty Six at Fort Carlton in 1876 making the settlement legally an Indian reserve.

During the same period as the First Nation's name change, a highway was completed through the reserve that linked the town of Birch Hills with Prince Albert.

The Muskoday Bridge was then built over the South Saskatchewan River, which divides the reserve lands roughly in half.

Unlike many other Cree Nations in the area, in the 19th and 20th century the reserve was almost entirely Anglican, with no Roman Catholic influence.

In their mission statement, the Saskatoon Tribal Council states that they strive "...to maintain the social, economic and political bases of the First Nations represented herein, including their rights to land, resources, culture, language, self-government and self-determination."

In addition to these government services, the community houses a gas bar, a convenience store, and a post office.

This led to Muskoday First Nation to submit a Treaty Land Entitlement (TLE) claim.