The tensions arising from this division have occasionally led political parties to adopt the Muslim–Muslim ticket as a strategic move in key elections, often causing significant controversy.
The concept of a Muslim–Muslim ticket has historical roots in Nigerian politics, intertwined with the nation's complex socio-political history and the interplay of religious and regional dynamics.
Nigeria's path to nationhood began during the colonial era, marked by the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Protectorates in 1914, which brought together regions with distinct religious majorities and set the stage for future political discourse.
[3][4] The return to civilian rule in 1979 brought new dynamics to the political landscape, with several elections featuring Muslim–Muslim tickets, sparking debates about national unity and representation.
The 1979 presidential election saw the National Party of Nigeria (NPN) fielding Shehu Shagari, a Muslim from the north, with Alex Ekwueme, a Christian from the south, as his running mate, reflecting the ongoing discussions about religious and regional balance in politics.
The 2023 election, with Bola Tinubu and Kashim Shettima, both Muslims, winning amidst controversy, further underscored the persistent debate over religious representation in Nigerian politics.
[6][7] Throughout the years, the Muslim–Muslim ticket has remained a contentious issue, with arguments focusing on the candidates' governance capabilities versus the potential impact on religious harmony and the nation's diverse socio-political fabric.
[15] "Therefore we are going to reinforce and reinvigorate the fight not only against; "elements of Boko Haram which are attempting a new series of attacks on soft targets, "kidnappings, farmers versus herdsmen clashes, "in addition to ethnic violence fuelled by political mischief makers.
[21][22] The Muslim–Muslim ticket has garnered international scrutiny, with entities like the European Union highlighting the need for elections in Nigeria to be credible and inclusive to maintain the country's stability and global standing.