Myers–Steenrod theorem

Two theorems in the mathematical field of Riemannian geometry bear the name Myers–Steenrod theorem, both from a 1939 paper by Myers and Steenrod.

The first states that every distance-preserving surjective map (that is, an isometry of metric spaces) between two connected Riemannian manifolds is a smooth isometry of Riemannian manifolds.

A simpler proof was subsequently given by Richard Palais in 1957.

The main difficulty lies in showing that a distance-preserving map, which is a priori only continuous, is actually differentiable.

The second theorem, which is harder to prove, states that the isometry group

is a Lie group in a way that is compatible with the compact-open topology and such that the action

is a Riemannian symmetric space: for instance, the group of isometries of the two-dimensional unit sphere is the orthogonal group

is replaced by a locally compact transformation group of diffeomorphisms of