The organisation's purpose is to provide expertise to the NHS on resolving concerns fairly, share learning for improvement and preserve resources for patient care.

[2] Its current duties are established under the National Health Service Act 2006.

[3] It began using the name NHS Resolution in April 2017, reflecting a change of role to "the early settlement of cases, learning from what goes wrong and the prevention of errors" according to Jeremy Hunt, Secretary of State for Health.

[4] NHS Resolution's strategic plan Delivering fair resolution and learning from harm, published in 2017 and updated in 2019, outlined a shift in emphasis away from predominantly claim management to proactive, earlier interventions to support families and staff.

[5] The services provided include: In September 2023, NHS Resolution's annual report for 2022/23 stated that payments for clinical negligence in the NHS was £2.7bn of which 64% by value related to obstetric claims.