NYSE Arca

[3] Early reports indicated that NYSE Arca may have played a role in the 2010 flash crash.

[4][needs update] In November 1994, Stuart Townsend and Gerald Putnam founded TerraNova Trading LLC, an electronic securities exchange, in Chicago.

Its product, Archipelago, started accepting trading orders on January 20, 1997.

[5] In 2005, Archipelago Holdings, the owner of ArcaEx, bought the Pacific Exchange, after what had been a close working relationship since 2001.

This in turn caused a chain effect reaction which led to the NASDAQ flash freeze.

The New York Stock Exchange Building on August 9, 2011, when Deutsche Bank 's db-X Group commenced trading on NYSE Arca [ 1 ]