She was engaged in the study of the structural and functional organisation of the genome of higher organisms and the molecular mechanisms of regulation of its expression.
[2] Following her graduation, Aitkhozhina enrolled full-time at the Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union to do her post-graduate studies in 1970.
[6] Between 1999 and 2013, Aitkhozhina was a member of the commission that awarded the State Prizes of the Republic of Kazakhstan in science and technology.
Between 2012 and 2015, Aitkhozhina was a member of the Supervisory Board of the PI Center for Life Sciences at Nazarbayev University.
[5][9] Under her leadership, the mummified materials of horses and people's remains from 2,500 years ago that were preserved in artificial frozen conditions were discovered in an archaeological dig in Berel, East Kazakhstan Region.
[5][9] She was the author of 92 scientific papers, half of which were published abroad, such as the Biologically active substances of plant origin – low molecular weight bioregulators of the expression of the eukaryotic genome" that Kazakh scientists prioritised.
Nature of 5,- and 3,-terminal sequences of nuclear RNP particles in 1979,[3] co-wrote Molecular cloning and characterization of individual representatives of the "Relic" fraction of the DNA of the Triticum timopheevii genome in 1988,[5] Selective inhibition of the polypeptide chain elongation in eucaryotic cells in 1992 and Molecular cloning and characteristics of species – specific repetitive sequences of wheat nuclear in 1995.
[3] Aitkhozhina also wrote Biology of cultivated wheat cells exhibited aboard the Mir space station: division, morphogenesis and differentiation in 2001, Polymorphism of the promoter region of the angiotensinogen gene and the gene for angiotensin I-converting enzyme in arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease of the Kazakh ethnic group in 2003 and Polymorphism of noncoding region of mitochondrial genome from three populations of kazakh groups inhabited territory of Kazakhstan in 2004.
[11] Aitkhozhina was decorated with the Diploma of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR,[2] the independent Platinum Tarlan award and the Badge "For merits in the development of science of the Republic of Kazakhstan".