Najah would obtain the recognition of the Abbasid Caliph al-Qadir and would be given the honorific title 'al-Mu'yyadd Nasr al-din'[4] and struck coinage in his own name.

He continued to rule over Tihamah, and to exercise control over most of the people of the Highlands, and he was styled King, both in the Khutbah and in official documents, with the title of Our Lord.

While Najah held sway over the coastal areas in southwest Yemen, his dominance on the mainland faced opposition due to the emergence of the Sulayhids, a Shia Ismail dynasty loyal to the Fatimid Caliphate, led by their founder Ali al-Sulayhi.

According to Umara al-Yamani, he lived in dread of Najah but sought to win his favor, assuming a humble demeanor, but never desisting in his efforts against him, until he succeeded in bringing about his death.

Mu'arik, the eldest of the family, in an access of folly committed suicide, and Dhakhirah, she had barely attained the age of puberty.

Sulayhi, along with his brother and Queen Asma, traveled to Mecca for hajj, whilst on the journey, his army was ambushed and fatally attacked by Sa'id ibn Najah.

[8] Three days after the battle, Sa'id left for Zabid with the heads of Sulayhi and his brother, Abdullah al-Sulayhi and a large amount of booty.

The governors of the mountain fortresses seized possession of the places confided to their rule, and the authority of al-Mukarram (the son and successor of as-Sulayhi) was all but destroyed.

If not, everlasting disgrace will ensue"[10]Al-Mukarram assembled an army of 3,000 horsemen and marched toward Zabid to free his mother from captivity.

He removed the two heads and buried them and appointed his uncle As'ad ibn Shihab to govern Zabid and its dependencies in Tihama and returned to Sana'a.

the free - it was used by most Yemeni tribes for their elite women), the noble, the pure, the pious, the honoured, guardian of the faithful, mother of the loyal princes, God protect her"[11]Jayyash, the other son of Najah, fled to India and stayed there for six months with his wazir Khalf, the son of Abu Tahir the Umayyad (apparently descendant of Suleiman ibn Hisham son of Abd al-Malik)[12] Jayyash returned to Zabid disguised as an Indian by allowing his hair to grow long and covered one of his eyes with a black cloth.

A dispute between two Sulayhids officials in Zabid played into his hands, Jayyash overheard one of them tell the other: "By Allah, if I could find a dog of the family of Najah, of a certainty I would make him King of Zabid"[13]This was said in consequence of some cause of offence that had arisen between the governor As'ad ibn Shibab and Aly ibn al Kumm (who was wazir to the governor appointed by the King al-Mukarram).

The vizier had told him what had occurred could not long remain concealed from As'ad ibn Shibab, and in reply Jayyash informed him that he had five thousand spearmen in the city.

Jayyash commanded the drums and trumpets to be played, prompting the residents of the city to take up arms alongside him and Ibn Shihab was taken prisoner."

Naught can defend us against you, O family of Najah," he said to Jayyash," for man's fortunes are as the buckets of a well (which rise full of water for the benefit now of one, then of another).

When the Zaydi Imam al-Mutawakkil Ahmad b. Sulayman was called upon for help by the Najahids, he demanded that Fatik should be deposed and he be recognized as the lord of Zabid.

According to Umarah, Ibn Mahdi, followed the Hanafi school of thought but he added to its fundamental articles of faith, the doctrine that regards sin as infidelity and punishable with death.

He held in like manner that the penalty of death was to be inflicted upon all professing Muslims who opposed his teaching, that it was lawful to reduce their captured women to the condition of concubines, their children to slavery, and to treat their country as a land of infidels.

Among the causes that contributed to the success of Ibn Mahdi, Umarah says, "was the circumstance that their chiefs were filled with jealousy and envy, at the sight of the eminence attained by the Surur.

After his death while in prayer by an agent of the Kharjite Ibn Mahdi, the closed gates of evil were thrown open against the dynasty, and the bonds of its stability were unloose"[17] He defeated the Sulaymanids, who used to pay an annual tribute of 60,000 dinars[18]and was widely popular in Yemen.

[19] After the morning prayer, he would often embark on various activities such as visiting a Jurist, attending to the sick, offering condolences to mourners, joining festivities, or participating in weddings.

His visits were not limited to military leaders, scholars, or wealthy merchants; he also made time for individuals of lower status.

At its zenith, the Himyarite Kingdom exerted significant influence over large portion of the Arabian Peninsula through its subordinate, the Kinda tribe, who acted as auxiliaries.

They were noted for their generosity, for their brilliant estate (architecture), and for combining renown in war with celebrated achievements in times of peace.