Namibia–South Africa border

To the south by the line that commences at the mouth of the Orange River and continues up its northern bank to its intersection point with the 20th degree of east longitude.

The Namibia–South Africa border dispute centers on the precise demarcation along the Orange River, which forms the southern boundary of Namibia.

However, Namibia argues that, based on international principles and its own 1990 constitution, the boundary should run along the river’s median line, not at the high-water mark of the northern bank.

South Africa maintains the colonial-era boundary definition, leading to ongoing discussions but no formal resolution.

[4][5][6] The dispute is complicated by strategic and economic concerns, as the Orange River region is rich in natural resources, particularly diamonds and valuable alluvial minerals.